The State Post Bureau (SPB), which was established under the Ministry of Information Industry of the People's Republic of China, is a regulatory authority for the national postal industry and postal enterprises management. The SPB is both an administration authority and a public enterprise, responsible for the regulatory functions of national postal industry and the management of national postal enterprises, which were undertaken by the former Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. The SPB is also in charge of the unified construction and the operation of the national postal network, and the fulfillment of universal service obligations.

Post bureaus were established in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. A dual leadership system, with principle SPB's leadership and subsidiary local post bureaus' leadership, is carried out. Authorized by the SPB, local post bureaus are responsible for local industry management and act as public enterprises.